John Chrysostom

Born in Antioch, John Chrysostom (354- 407 CE) was a member of a wealthy and noble family. He received an education in Greek philosophy and rhetoric under the guidance of Andragathius and Libanius. After deferring his baptism until around the age of eighteen, he entered a monastic school near Antioch. When his studies were complete, he retreated to the ascetic life. He first lived with another hermit and later by himself. He returned to Antioch after six years because of health problems. In 386, he was ordained a priest by bishop Flavian. The sermons that he gave earned him his name "Chrysostom," meaning "golden mouth." Later, around 398, the unwilling priest was consecrated Bishop of Constantinople. As bishop, Chrysostom was known for his social concern and charitable works. He was so bold at the pulpit that it put him in poor standing with the Empress, Eudoxia. After making a reference to her in one of his sermons, he was removed from office and permanently exiled. During a forced march to Pilyus, he died near Comana on September 14, 407. Sometime around 438, his remains were brought back to Constantinople where he was venerated as a saint and martyr.

Michael T. Batt