Callixtus II
Born Guido of Burgandy c. 1050, Callixtus II signed and promulgated the Concordat of Worms in 1122, which settled the long-standing dispute over lay investiture to the satisfaction of pope and kings. (The pope appoints bishops, and the emperor confirms the appointments.) Elected in 1119, Callixtus had excommunicated Holy Roman Emperor Henry V over the issue and driven the emperor's antipope out of Rome. Callixtus offered protection to the Jews in Rome and confirmed indulgences for Crusaders. He protected pilgrims and set up punishments for those who broke the Truce of God. He died in 1124.
Karen Rae Keck
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